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Electrostatics opens the electricity half of the syllabus, and almost everything later leans on it. Get Coulomb’s law, field and potential clear now and the chapters after it become much easier. Ten questions below, with the answer key and a hint for each.
What this chapter carries in NEET(UG)
- Usually 2 to 3 questions every year, which is 8 to 12 marks.
- Most of them come from Coulomb’s law, electric field, Gauss’s law, potential and dipoles.
- The usual mistake is treating field and potential as the same kind of quantity. One is a vector, one is not.
What the syllabus says
In the syllabus (Unit 11, Electrostatics): Conservation of charge, Coulomb’s law for the force between two point charges and between several charges, the superposition principle, continuous charge distribution, electric field due to a point charge, electric field lines, the electric dipole and its field, torque on a dipole in a uniform field, electric flux, and Gauss’s law applied to an infinitely long charged wire, an infinite charged plane sheet and a uniformly charged thin spherical shell.
Taken out in 2024: the Van de Graaff generator and free charges and bound charges inside a conductor.
Taken from the NMC syllabus for NEET (UG) 2026, the latest one published. See the full syllabus, unit by unit.
Formulas you must know by heart
| Coulomb’s law | F = kq1q2/r2, k = 9 × 109 N m2/C2 |
| Electric field of a point charge | E = kq/r2 |
| Force on a charge in a field | F = qE |
| Potential of a point charge | V = kq/r |
| Gauss’s law | Φ = qenclosed/ε0 |
| Dipole moment | p = q × 2a |
| Torque on a dipole | τ = pE sin θ |
| Field inside a conductor | zero |
| Field and potential | field is a vector, potential is a scalar |
Field is a vector and potential is a scalar. At the midpoint between two equal and opposite charges the field is large while the potential is zero.
Ten questions. Give yourself ten minutes.
Write your answers down before you scroll. A question you looked up is a question you have not answered.
Q1. If the distance between two point charges is halved, the force between them becomes
- (a) half
- (b) one quarter
- (c) double
- (d) four times
Q2. The electric field inside a charged hollow conductor is
- (a) zero
- (b) maximum at the centre
- (c) the same as outside
- (d) infinite
Q3. The electric potential due to a point charge varies with distance as
- (a) 1/r
- (b) 1/r2
- (c) r
- (d) r2
Q4. Electric field is a
- (a) scalar
- (b) vector
- (c) neither
- (d) sometimes scalar and sometimes vector
Q5. The total electric flux through a closed surface enclosing a charge q is
- (a) qε0
- (b) q/ε0
- (c) ε0/q
- (d) zero
Q6. At the midpoint of the line joining two equal and opposite charges, the electric potential is
- (a) zero
- (b) maximum
- (c) negative and large
- (d) the same as at infinity but the field is also zero
Q7. The torque on an electric dipole of moment p placed in a uniform field E at an angle θ is
- (a) pE cos θ
- (b) pE sin θ
- (c) pE tan θ
- (d) pE
Q8. The force on a charge q placed in an electric field E is
- (a) q/E
- (b) qE
- (c) E/q
- (d) qE2
Q9. Electric field lines never cross each other because
- (a) they are parallel
- (b) the field would have two directions at one point
- (c) they repel
- (d) they are imaginary
Q10. A dipole placed in a uniform electric field experiences
- (a) a net force but no torque
- (b) a torque but no net force
- (c) both a net force and a torque
- (d) neither
Answer key, with a hint for each
| Q1 | (d) | F goes as 1/r2. Halve the distance and the force becomes four times. |
| Q2 | (a) | Charges sit on the outer surface, so the field inside a conductor is zero. |
| Q3 | (a) | V = kq/r, so potential goes as 1/r. The field goes as 1/r2. |
| Q4 | (b) | Field has magnitude and direction, so it is a vector. Potential is a scalar. |
| Q5 | (b) | Gauss’s law: Φ = q/ε0, and the shape of the surface does not matter. |
| Q6 | (a) | The two potentials are equal and opposite, so they cancel. The field there does not. |
| Q7 | (b) | τ = pE sin θ, largest when the dipole sits across the field. |
| Q8 | (b) | F = qE, by the definition of the field. |
| Q9 | (b) | A crossing point would have two different field directions at once, which is impossible. |
| Q10 | (b) | In a uniform field the two forces are equal and opposite, so no net force, but they do turn it. |
Now mark yourself honestly
NEET(UG) marks the way it marks. Use the same rule here:
- +4 for a right answer
- −1 for a wrong one
- 0 for a blank
So ten questions here are out of 40. In the real paper, 45 Physics questions are out of 180.
If you scored 32 or more, the basics of this chapter are secure. Move to harder questions, not more of these.
If you scored below 24, do not feel bad about it. You have just found out something useful before the exam did. Go back to the formula table above, learn it properly, and sit these ten again tomorrow.
And if you guessed a few and they landed, count those as wrong. A guess that works once will not work in May.
The full chapter, on a clock
Ten questions tell you a little. Forty-five tell you the truth.
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